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B0987
Title: Scalable Bayesian Matrix Normal Graphical Models for Brain Functional Networks Authors:  Benjamin Risk - Emory University (United States) [presenting]
Suprateek Kundu - Emory University (United States)
Abstract: Recently, there has been an explosive growth in graphical modeling approaches for estimating brain functional networks. In a detailed study, we show that surprisingly, standard graphical modeling approaches for fMRI data may not yield accurate estimates of the brain network due to the inability to suitably account for temporal correlations. We propose a novel Bayesian matrix normal graphical model that jointly models the temporal covariance and the brain network under a separable structure for the covariance to obtain improved estimates. The approach is implemented via an efficient optimization algorithm that computes the maximum-a-posteriori network estimates that is scalable to high dimensions. The proposed method leads to substantial gains in network estimation accuracy compared to standard brain network modeling approaches as illustrated via extensive simulations. We apply the method to resting state fMRI data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) to study the relationships between fluid intelligence and functional connectivity. Our proposed approach led to the detection of differences in connectivity between high and low fluid intelligence groups, whereas these differences were less pronounced or absent using an existing graphical modeling approach.